Simulation in the Internet age: The place of Web-based simulation in nursing education. An integrative review
Beskrivelse
Denne integrative reviewen gir en informativ oversikt over fordeler og ulemper med ulike former for interaktiv web-basert e-simulering. E-simulering i virtuelle verdener, prosedyrisk e-simulering, situasjonell e-simulering, og teknisk e-simulering presenteres i mer detalj. Det konkluderes med at slik web-basert simulering er på linje med andre simuleringsmetoder, og fordelen ligger særlig i at det gir mulighet for å utvikle ferdigheter i trygge omgivelser og mulighet til repetisjon.
Objective: The objective of this article was to review the literature on utilisation and place of Web-based simulation within nursing education. Web-based simulation combines electronic multimedia options with a central video or virtual world to produce interactive learning activities mediated by the learner.
Design: An integrative review.
Data sources: A search was conducted of healthcare databases between 2000 and 2014 and of Internet sources for hosted simulation programs in nursing. Eighteen primary programs were identified for inclusion.
Review methods: A strategy for integrative review was adopted in which studies were identified, filtered, classified, analysed and compared.
Results and discussion: Of 18 programs, two game-based programs were identified which represented a ‘virtual world’ in which students could simultaneously or individually immerse themselves in a character role-play. However, most programs (n = 10) taught an aspect of procedural patient care using multimedia (e.g. video, audio, graphics, quiz, text, memo). Time-limited sequences, feedback and reflective activities were often incorporated. Other studies (n = 8) taught interpersonal communication skills or technical skills for equipment use. Descriptive study outcomes indicated ease of program use, strong satisfaction with learning and appreciation of program accessibility. Additionally, four studies reported significant improvements in knowledge post-intervention.
Conclusion: Web-based simulation is highly acceptable to students and appears to provide learning benefits that align with other simulation approaches and it augments face-to-face teaching. Web-based simulation is likely to have a major place in nursing curricula in the next decade, yet further research is necessary to objectively evaluate learner outcomes and to justify its use.
Hensikten med denne integrative reviewen er å presentere en integrativ oversikt over bruk av web basert simulering innen sykepleie. Det eneste inklusjons- og eksklusjonskriteriet som er oppgitt – utover søketermer – er at studiene skal dreie seg om interaktive web-baserte simuleringsprogrammer. Databasene det er søkt i oppgis, likeledes er eksempler på søkeord. Relevante artikler ble gjennomgått for å identifisere aktuelle programmer. De ulike stadiene i søkeprosessen oppgis ikke ut over at 18 studier ble inkludert. Det opplyses ikke om hvorvidt det er foretatt noen kvalitetsvurdering av studiene. De inkluderte studiene presenteres i en tabell. I teksten (og i en egen tabell) oppsummeres først sentrale fordeler og ulemper. Deretter presenteres ulike former for simulering mer i detalj: E-simulering i virtuelle verdener, prosedyremessig e-simulering, situasjonell e-simulering, og teknisk e-simulering. Selv om metoden er lite transparent gir artikkelen en god oversikt over resultatene fra de inkluderte studiene.